We randomized 80 individuals between the ages of 18 and 35 years to one of two conditions: VE as an older or a younger avatar. The present study evaluated the use of virtual embodiment (VE) to reduce self- and other-directed ageism. Ageism towards older people is known to have a significant impact on their health and wellbeing and to even result in higher healthcare costs. Although ageism can be directed towards people of any age group, most research has focused on ageism towards older people. Conclusions: The participants might perceive themselves as an eternal and granted “self-essence” or may perceive it as perishable and unstable “self-possessions.” Depending on self-perception, self-confidence and self-worth were maintained under any circumstances or fluctuated according to defects or lack of self-possessions.Īgeism is defined as stereotypes, prejudice, and discrimination towards people because of their age. Results: The findings included “the self-being” as the main category and “self-essence” and “self-possession” as higher-level subcategories and their 25 related lower-level subcategories. The researchers analyzed the data according to the qualitative content analysis method. They recorded the interviews and transcribed them verbatim.
The researchers purposively selected the participants and conducted in-depth semi-structured interviews for data collection. Methods: Twelve informal caregivers of individuals with TSCI participated in this qualitative study.
Objectives: This study aimed to explore self-perception from the viewpoints of informal caregivers of individuals with TSCI. It discusses some unsolved problems, such as the conceptual status of noncognitive response classes and the strategy of functional analysis.īackground: Difficult life experiences in adulthood, such as caregiving of an individual with traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI), constitute a challenge to the self and identity.
The chapter highlights some differences between self-perception and interpersonal perception and shift of paradigm in social psychology. The reinterpretation of cognitive dissonance phenomena and other self-perception phenomena have been discussed. But precisely because such experiments are subject to alternative interpretations, they cannot be used as unequivocal evidence for self-perception theory. Several experiments and paradigms from the cognitive dissonance literature are amenable to self-perception interpretations. This chapter traces the conceptual antecedents and empirical consequences of these propositions, attempts to place the theory in a slightly enlarged frame of reference, and clarifies just what phenomena the theory can and cannot account for in the rapidly growing experimental literature of self-attribution phenomena. Thus, to the extent that internal cues are weak, ambiguous, or uninterpretable, the individual is functionally in the same position as an outside observer, an observer who must necessarily rely upon those same external cues to infer the individual's inner states. Publisher Summary Individuals come to “know” their own attitudes, emotions, and other internal states partially by inferring them from observations of their own overt behavior and/ or the circumstances in which this behavior occurs.
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